"
From previous experience, 0.25–0.5 kg of LRs is needed for every
liter of water (Delbeek and Sprung, 2005), indicating that LR in
the aquarium can provide sufficient ammonium removal activity.
Yuen et al. (2009) found that LR can effectively control am-
monium, nitrite and nitrate in water. In a system with LR, the in-
organic nitrogen released by sea cucumbers can be removed by
LR effectively. LR can also effectively maintain the pH of the wa-
ter. However, no significant nitrate removal was detected in our
study. The possible reason may be that the concentration of the
added nitrates was too high. In the nitrate addition experiments,
the amount of added nitrates was equivalent to 6 mg/L, which is
much higher than either the nutrient level in the temporary cul-
ture tank (NO3–<0.3 mg/L), or the required level for coral reef cul-
ture (Delbeek and Sprung, 2005), or the average level in com-
mon reef water (Wang et al., 2002; Peng et al., 2002), or the peak
nitrate level in Yuen′s experiment. At such a high substrate con-
centration, the degradation rate of denitrification may not be ob-
served; therefore, further analysis is warranted in future experiments"
from the paper.....
From previous experience, 0.25–0.5 kg of LRs is needed for every
liter of water (Delbeek and Sprung, 2005), indicating that LR in
the aquarium can provide sufficient ammonium removal activity.
Yuen et al. (2009) found that LR can effectively control am-
monium, nitrite and nitrate in water. In a system with LR, the in-
organic nitrogen released by sea cucumbers can be removed by
LR effectively. LR can also effectively maintain the pH of the wa-
ter. However, no significant nitrate removal was detected in our
study. The possible reason may be that the concentration of the
added nitrates was too high. In the nitrate addition experiments,
the amount of added nitrates was equivalent to 6 mg/L, which is
much higher than either the nutrient level in the temporary cul-
ture tank (NO3–<0.3 mg/L), or the required level for coral reef cul-
ture (Delbeek and Sprung, 2005), or the average level in com-
mon reef water (Wang et al., 2002; Peng et al., 2002), or the peak
nitrate level in Yuen′s experiment. At such a high substrate con-
centration, the degradation rate of denitrification may not be ob-
served; therefore, further analysis is warranted in future experiments"
from the paper.....