If these animals have such a high metabolism than perhaps 4-5 years is their life expectancy?No I don't. But moorish Idols do that in captivity. In 4 or 5 years they just waste away, lose weight and die for no apparent reason. I don't think anyone has kept them for their entire lifespan in a home tank.
They are voracious eaters so that is not the problem. But in the sea they graze all day on dying algae and sponge, foods we can't provide at home.
I find it a little hard to believe that the failure rate is due to a missing ingredient in their diet. At the end of the day we provide them with all the ingredients that is required to make up the body of a fish (clearly they grow in captivity) so it may come down to a naturally short life span combined with extreme sensitivity to the shipping process. And most people don’t QT.
Or I could be totally wrong.