Interesting idea!
I am all for educators helping students learn more about the natural world around them. I have a Bio degree, minored in Chem, and went back later for a two year tech degree, but I LOVE biology.
And, I'm old enough to remember when an invert tank was a cool thing to have lol!
That said, I am with the other R2R members here who have suggested that a kiddie pool may not be the best idea. These are typically very flimsy, and you're asking, literally inviting, excited kids to place their hands in it. I see them leaning too hard on the plastic pool, which will cause problems, in my opinion. And, as you've noted, things like heaters may burn right through the plastic pool and would be difficult to mount and use in this situation. Last thing you want is a flood in your classroom ;-)
Better would be to get an actual aquarium/fish tank for this project. I can appreciate that as an educator you likely have a small budget for this project, but could I suggest you look for a used aquarium? Maybe check out Craigslist or Facebook Marketplace? Sometimes you can find them for free. I personally have listed tanks for sale and said that it would be free for an educator looking to add a tank to their classroom. You can also try PetCo, who offers tanks half-off a few times a year, though I believe their sale ended on the 3rd. But it comes around a few times year.
Again, I'm old, and back in the day, keeping an invert tank was a cool thing to do, and I think it still is! You could set this up with not much more than a tank, a Hang On Back filter (HOB) like an AquaClear or Seachem Tidal, and a heater. You wouldn't even need expensive lighting for a tank like this. You could keep a variety of cool animals like shrimp, snails, crabs, etc. I think people used to keep those Horseshoe crabs in tanks like these, which I believe can be picked up and handled by children, though I'm not an expert with these animals. I would look towards public aquaria that have these touch-tanks and see what they are doing and keeping.
But do not be discouraged, this is a great idea for the kids! Please keep posting and asking questions, I for one would be happy to try and help you, and I know others would too.
Best of luck with your touch-tank!