Changing substrate out for live sand

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This is some back story for context;
So I am new to the hobby, I failed in my first attempt., I tried to start with a pico tank, 5 gallons., I had no RODI water, no way to measure salinity or test parameters and I decided to start the tank out with colored sand and colored rock. I stocked it with an LPS finger coral and a long tentacle Anenome. They both died due to high salinity in the first week. I removed the Anenome and left the coral in there to rot.,

I emptied the tank and let it sit for a month, did my research and listen to the saltwater aquarium radio podcast every day and I still listen to it to gain more insight on subjects I’m not familiar with. *I know Jeff does not recommend starting with a pico tank.* Finally I felt confident enough to give it another go, I did acquire tools for measuring salinity and test kits as well as RODI water from LFS, however, I did not change out the substrate. I let the tank cycle for about a month and then added a cleanup crew, left them for a week and added a couple fish, waited another week and added some corals.

In the 5 gallon pico tank, week 5 I added 3 dwarf blue legged hermit crabs, 2 Astraea snails, 1 emerald crab. Week 6 I added 2 ORA mini ocellaris clownfish. Week 7 I added a Duncan coral, a pulsing Xenia and a finger leather., everything was going great for the next few weeks after adding the coral, everything was growing it looked like it was thriving in my tank parameters, and I found it very odd that my nitrate and nitrate were always high even if I did of 50% water change. Then one day my finger leather coral started to shrink and it’s been a week, it’s polyps are still closed and it’s not getting better, but it still has good coloration. I added some chaeto this week to absorb some of the nitrates and whatever else is leaching from the decomposing coral in the substrate.
* Side Note * I used an old canister filter, removed the powerhead and used that to contain some live rock and chaeto just as a simple in tank copepod hotel/refugium

Long story short I had the epiphany this morning that when I made the mistake of leaving a dead coral in the tank, that decomposition is still occurring and causing ammonia to rise, producing the high nitrite and nitrate in the tank. So today, my fiancé asked me to re-organize the living room and I’m going to move everything out of the tank into a 5 gallon bucket of RODI brine with a heater and an air stone that I have had heated the past 36 hours. I’m going to take out the old substrate, clean the old substrate, replace with live sand and hopefully solve the issue I’ve had with corals being unhappy. Strangely enough, the Xenia and Duncan, which are supposed to be like my indicator corals have both seem to be really happy despite the elevated nitrate and nitrate.

My only curiosity about my decision is, can I wash and reuse the old substrate somehow? Idk

Feel free to share thoughts/ comments or concerns.
 
You can rinse and reuse the sand or replace it with live sand. Whichever you choose. As for the ammonia, trates and trite, what are you testing with? The ammonia is coming from the fish and then cycling into nitrite and nitrate. Finger leathers will shrink up like that, shed a skin then perk back up. One problem you’ll always have is your tank is too small for 2 clown fish, and your water will always spike ammonia and have these mini cycles. A tank that size would be good for a pistol shrimp goby pair or clown goby.
 
I decided to rinse the sand and use it later on when I decide to upgrade the tank. I’m going to replace it with live sand.
The type of clownfish I have only reach a maximum size of 1.5 inches, not 4.5 inches like wild ones. They’re about an inch right now., I was told by the LFS that they won’t get bigger than they are now.
I understand that the finger leathers behave that way, but to behave that way for 3 weeks is unusual.
I think replacing the sand will reduce the frequency of ammonia spikes, with the decomposing coral in there I would do a 50 percent water change and then see no reduction in those levels.
I’m testing with Aqueon test strips., and I did an experiment and tested my RODI water to see if something was going on in the water that I used in my water change, but found my water change/ top off water to be nitrate/nitrite and ammonia free., so I know that something was going on in my tank that was not the result of overfeeding or fish waste.
 
I decided to rinse the sand and use it later on when I decide to upgrade the tank. I’m going to replace it with live sand.
The type of clownfish I have only reach a maximum size of 1.5 inches, not 4.5 inches like wild ones. They’re about an inch right now., I was told by the LFS that they won’t get bigger than they are now.
I understand that the finger leathers behave that way, but to behave that way for 3 weeks is unusual.
I think replacing the sand will reduce the frequency of ammonia spikes, with the decomposing coral in there I would do a 50 percent water change and then see no reduction in those levels.
I’m testing with Aqueon test strips., and I did an experiment and tested my RODI water to see if something was going on in the water that I used in my water change, but found my water change/ top off water to be nitrate/nitrite and ammonia free., so I know that something was going on in my tank that was not the result of overfeeding or fish waste.
Ora recommends min 10 gallons for their mini clowns. They’re not big swimmers but I do believe that they’ll produce more ammonia and waste than a 5 gallon tank can process. You may be able to get around it buy doing a few 1 gallon water changes per week.
 
I’ve taken your advice and have been doing multiple water changes a week., I bought a NUVO 15 gallon cube AIO and some upgrade items sold separately like filter media etc; that will get here on Thursday and I plan to cycle it and move everything in the 5.5 gallon to the new tank., considering the live sand is still only a couple weeks old it should be useable still, might need a rinse, the rock is where the bacteria really thrive. I’ll probably add a brittle star or serpent star to help the copepods eat detritus.
 
I’ve taken your advice and have been doing multiple water changes a week., I bought a NUVO 15 gallon cube AIO and some upgrade items sold separately like filter media etc; that will get here on Thursday and I plan to cycle it and move everything in the 5.5 gallon to the new tank., considering the live sand is still only a couple weeks old it should be useable still, might need a rinse, the rock is where the bacteria really thrive. I’ll probably add a brittle star or serpent star to help the copepods eat detritus.
That’s awesome! Keep us posted as you transfer everything over.
 
Just an update after 2 weeks of doing multiple consistent water changes I brought my NO2 and NO3 down to an optimal range. Here’s some pictures of the old tank. Black sand is the old sand, then the pinkish/tan sand is the new live sand
IMG_5192.jpeg
IMG_5232.jpeg
I’m moving everything into the new tank today, filled it with RO/DI water last night and have had zero leaks. I will put some pictures up when everything is set and it’s all set up.
 
Imma get a dozen or so coral frags for this tank next month, right now I have two nano finger leathers (one pink one yellow) one Duncan coral, one branching GSP and two small pulsing Xenia frags., I’m planning on adding a bunch of corals, mostly zoanthids, a few Acan Lord Corals, a sun coral and black sun coral, another Duncan, a Pagoda.

Then I want to get some oddballs like cyphastraea, a glittering BTA, a maxi mini carpet Anenome, a rock flower Anenome, Florida Ricordea, button scoly, alveopora.

I want to try one or two acroporas, but I might need a better pump than the 130gallon that came with the tank.

What do you think, is that too much coral or can it be done?
 
Myself I would not try any Acropora in a 15 gallon tank with a BTA.
You get big time credit for upgrading to a larger tank and researching!!!!!
You will find the IM 15 much more manageable than the 5 gallon.
Make sure to get an ATO if you have not already. The money spent on an ATO will save you money in the long run.

:)
 
Myself I would not try any Acropora in a 15 gallon tank with a BTA.
You get big time credit for upgrading to a larger tank and researching!!!!!
You will find the IM 15 much more manageable than the 5 gallon.
Make sure to get an ATO if you have not already. The money spent on an ATO will save you money in the long run.

:)
I’ll avoid the acropora until I get out of my apartment and get a bigger setup., for an ATO I am kind of always topping off my tank, first thing in the morning and right when I get home from work. At least in the 5 gal., salinity was always between 33.8 and 35.2 ppt, and I only added 2-4 cups of RO/DI each day. I’m not sure I’ll need an ATO, but if I see my salinity changing too much and then need one, I will invest, it’s probably cleaner than doing it by hand.
 
In my opinion, an ATO is pretty much a necessity on small tanks such as a 5 gallon.
 

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