Customer's RAIN2 waterfall algae scrubber (patent 10,655,095) in saltwater shows "growth ring" which looks like a donut. Growth rings require strong lights, like our GEM5 lights, and allow thick deep growth with less detachment in the middle:
Growth Rings
Growth Rings The usefulness of "growth rings" (which are sometimes called bald spots) was not fully understood until recently, and in the past were avoided. But it turns out they can be a beneficial tool especially for waterfall scrubbers. Growth rings have algae growth on the outside of...
algaescrubber.net
