Got a "complete setup" from FB market...

[jsmkmavity]

The only thing i will offer at this time is go with a refractometer, which can easily be adjusted if calibration is off, and easy to clean since nothing gets inside. If a hydrometer isnt cleaned well right after use it can get build up on the float and wont be accurate. Either instrument needs to be checked for accuracy!
The difference in price is about the cost of 1 filter or a couple water changes.

 

[Reef Jedi]

Welcome to Reef2Reef, the greatest community out of water!

 

[TheNative192]

"They add turbulence for example, which in turn further oxygenates a tank, especially if you don’t have a skimmer. They house equipment that helps your aquarium address issues."

Questions

1. Why is a sumps turbulence better than say a wave maker or powerhead?
2. What issues specifically and why?
3. How do you know when your water is oxygen saturated enough or fully?

1. Why sump or AIO turbulence is better than just a wavemaker or powerhead
Powerheads and wavemakers move water inside the display, but a sump processes water. That distinction matters.

Key advantages of sump turbulence:

• Gas exchange efficiency
  • Water crashing over overflows, socks, baffles, and returns constantly breaks the surface.
  • This dramatically improves oxygen absorption and CO₂ off-gassing compared to submerged flow alone.
  • Powerheads circulate already-oxygenated water; they don’t add much new oxygen unless they heavily disturb the surface.
  • PH is vital in Reef & Saltwater tanks as the level needs to be much higher when compared to freshwater tanks. The PH usually needs to stay around 8.0 at least and is ideal at 8.2. It is hard to maintain those levels without a Sump or AIO setup, especially during the night.
• Multiple stages of filtration
  • Mechanical: filter socks/rollers physically remove waste before it breaks down.
  • Biological: porous rock/media in high-flow sump zones process ammonia → nitrite → nitrate efficiently.
  • Chemical: carbon, GFO, Purigen, etc., polish water continuously.
  • Display-only setups rely almost entirely on live rock, which gets overwhelmed fast in high bioload systems.
• Continuous waste export
  • Detritus settles out in socks and chambers instead of staying suspended in the water column.
  • In a display-only tank, powerheads often just keep waste circulating until it breaks down.
• Stable oxygen delivery
  • Every pass through the sump re-oxygenates water.
  • This is critical at night when photosynthesis stops and oxygen demand stays high.
• Less dependency on “brute force flow”
  • You don’t need extreme in-tank flow just to keep fish alive.
  • Flow can be tuned for fish comfort instead of survival.

Bottom line:
Powerheads move water.
A sump refreshes and reconditions water every minute.
ALTHOUGH you can definitely keep this setup but you really should aim for a much more reasonable bio-load.

Even with a sump or AIO most people would crash the setup you have with a 55G tank with years of experience simply due to the nature of having species of fish that are not suited for that size of tank!

---

2. Why no skimmer is a specific problem in this setup (55g with Hippo Tang + Trigger)​

This isn’t theoretical — it’s about bioload vs system capacity.

What a skimmer actually does:

• Removes dissolved organic compounds (DOCs) beforethey convert into:
  • Ammonia
  • Nitrate
  • Phosphate
• Also massively increases oxygenation and CO₂ removal

Why this matters for your fish:

• Hippo Tang
  • Extremely oxygen-hungry
  • High metabolism
  • Prone to stress and ich when oxygen dips even slightly
• Triggerfish
  • Heavy eater
  • Produces a lot of waste
  • Constantly releases DOCs even when water tests “look fine”

Without a skimmer in THIS tank:

• Dissolved organics accumulate invisibly
• Oxygen is consumed faster than it’s replenished, especially at night
• pH drops due to excess CO₂
• Fish breathe faster, stress rises, immune systems weaken
• Algae blooms appear after damage is already done

Why “my parameters are fine” is misleading

• Standard test kits do notmeasure:
  • Dissolved oxygen
  • DOC load
  • CO₂ saturation
• Fish can suffocate slowly in “perfect” test results

Bottom line:
A skimmer isn’t optional insurance here — it’s life support for overstocked, high-oxygen-demand fish in a small system. With fish changes then it would be less important but with the current stock list it will become a must have without frequent large water changes which is expensive with salt costs.

Again I would say it is not a requirement UNLESS you keep the fish you have. And even then it may only to give you a small fighting chance for a year or two until they outgrow the system & die.

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3. How do you know if water is oxygen-saturated enough?​

You’re right: it’s hard to know for sure without instruments — but there are strong indicators.

Best ways (in order of reliability)​

1. Dissolved Oxygen (DO) meter

• 7–8 mg/L at reef temps = healthy
• <6 mg/L = stress territory
• The only definitive answer

2. Behavioral signs (very important)
Watch fish closely, especially:

• Rapid gill movement
• Hanging near surface or overflow
• Reduced activity or “resting” in flow
• Feeding hesitation
  These often appear before ammonia or nitrate issues.

3. Night vs day difference

• If fish look fine during the day but stressed late at night or early morning → oxygen deficit
• This is common in tanks without skimmers or sumps

4. pH swing

• Excess CO₂ lowers pH
• If pH drops significantly at night, oxygen is likely inadequate
• Skimmers flatten this swing dramatically

5. Surface agitation test

• Add aggressive surface rippling temporarily
• If fish perk up within minutes → oxygen was limiting

Look the setup is not bad and can be a great tank. The key is it will only be an issue if the tank is overstocked. As someone in similar shoes as you I made a similar mistake by overstocking my tank & lost corals to Brown Jelly disease and had to do large frequent water changes just to rebalance my system. The key is you have not done anything wrong yet.

If you keep those two fish I would not be shocked if you came back letting us know the whole system crashed & the system has Ich in a week or month or even tomorrow. Unfortunately if that happens you have to start over & wait weeks or even months for Ich to clear the system which may be the most expensive part.

I would highly recommend seeing if you have a LFS that is willing to trade the fish in for credit or even other fish that are more reasonably suited for your tank! I know my LFS would provide me $100s of dollars in credits for those fish or let me trade them in for other options (if they are in a healthy condition).

 

[ReefMagicMan]

I've learned a lot in my what has it been six months
I also picked up my 400 gallon on marketplace
I got a lot of good stuff very high-quality but still spent probably around 12 grand
Like a lot of people said I would completely disassemble sterilize clean everything soak everything in bleach etc. because any disease that comes in is a heartache
The biggest thing to do is a quarantine - treatment tank

 

[Sam7]

Welcome To R2R

 

[TJ42]

Welcome!! I second this as a good read:

Welcome to Reef2Reef! This thread below should answer most of your questions!

The Supreme Guide To Setting Up A Saltwater Reef Aquarium

The Supreme Guide To Setting Up A Saltwater Reef Aquarium Introduction The marine environment is one of the most complex systems on the planet. The aquarium you are about to set up is only a tiny sliver of the vast ocean, but it is nowhere near simple. This task is going to take patience, a...

www.reef2reef.com

I am interested to see where you will go with this project! Make a Tank Build thread so I can follow along!