Is UV actually viable for parasite management?

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I know it can frustrating when the conversations veer off topic. I think this happens because issues and solutions are interrelated. So, for example, UV for ICH management- could it work? Yes, as an overall ich management program. That starts going down the non-qt conversation which then someone who is qt-only will suggest to not go down that path and responses go to that comment.

So it’s easy to see when dealing with a community of non-scientists with contradicting opinions who are all eager to help I think it’s natural that the conversations will drift.

That’s said, I think new hobbyists in particular probably get lost with so much drift and contradictions. I think we could all be more cognizant of that.
Yes as someone who is relatively new still and trying to answer the question of whether or not adding UV to my system would be a useful measure: this thread was approximately 0% helpful to me because it immediately devolved into multiple barely related arguments, which I learned nothing from, partly because who is right? And partly because none of it drove the thread any closer to actually answering the question initially posed. Very frustrating
 
Yes as someone who is relatively new still and trying to answer the question of whether or not adding UV to my system would be a useful measure: this thread was approximately 0% helpful to me because it immediately devolved into multiple barely related arguments, which I learned nothing from, partly because who is right? And partly because none of it drove the thread any closer to actually answering the question initially posed. Very frustrating
Apologies . I take full responsibility . I tried to since I have talked to dozens of members , and or read their posts tried to impart all of the information that I gathered as well as some from research as to making a stand alone / what to look for as to light/ filter / dose ... all the vocabulary that is different that I tried to make sense of for myself . Got l strayed by an argumentative person, and I am just as guilty . I did learn quite a bit , and feel I have a good grasp no things surrounding the topic thanks to others . Unfortunately failed to help . I have to try harder . That's what happens when you start out ignorant about any subject
 
You asked earlier for logic and here for a response.

The cited differential pressure citation is not at all relevant.

In any case your logic only holds in a perfect mixing situation for a one time dose. An aquarium with an active multiplying pathogen is neither.

The calculator you linked is based on an ideal mathematical perfect homogeneous mixing model, no stratification, no dead zones, no bypass paths, and removal of a single dose starting at time zero. It is the wrong model.

Moreover, it does not take into account free swimming organisms that react to flow, current, light, and other stimuli, and are not evenly distributed.

The free swimmers, hiding spots, and multiplying organisms already break the logic. Your n-passes math assumes every gallon has roughly equal odds of getting swept through each pass. It doesn't hold in a non ideal system, one with rock, varied flow patterns, striations, eddies, and nearly dead zones.

You pointed to detritus collecting in low-flow areas, but got it backwards. Detritus proves those spots see less flow than the tank average, or there wouldn't be detritus there. You can't use "eventually it all cycles through" and "flow carried the detritus there and left it" as the same argument, they are opposing.

A real aquarium, with flow patterns, multiplying organisms, and a UV doing n-turns per hour, is nowhere near an ideal mixing model based on a tracer added at time zero and tracked through n-turns for homogeneous mixing. The 99.9% number is meaningless. Real world, the number will be a fraction of that.

I hope that helps settle the question.
I know this forum in particular frowns upon those who disagree with the pillars of the forum, so I have given these and previous comments much thought.

I will point to two words in your response, "nearly" and "less". If those words could be substituted with ‘zero’, then the logic would hold true.

UV is not a "single dose". One unfortunate Ich theront could pass thru the UV more than any other. Ending its ability to reproduce decreases the Ich load. If the UV continues to run and flow continues to flow…over time the Ich load will continue to decrease; ceteris paribus.

Flow moved the detritus to that "dead zone", so flow does indeed exist in that specific area. Correct? If you have low flow zones in your system, maybe address that first, it isn’t good for the inhabitants anyway.

Unless you have done something really egregious in the design of your system, there is no doubt that 100% of the water molecules circulate thru every Powerhead and pump.

I don’t believe that monkeys and typewriters can write a symphony, given enough time, but arguing that UV sterilizers are ineffective because there is a spot of detritus, is not reality.

No one’s decision to run UV or not is based on this difference of opinions, which is the OP’s original question.

Great thing about America…do whatever you think is best for you.
 
So you wont post it I am so surprised Jay Said This? Radical ? What does that mean ? Sledge Hammer refers to you saying install the largest UV you can fit in . Just Post your Findings for all to Enjoy😆
What many hobbyist consider "radical" is the proven steps to do you best to protect your fish.


Did you complete a proper quarantine of every fish, rock, sand, CUC, coral…the entire system…everything wet?

Did you eliminate all sources of stress…acclimation, temperature fluctuations, ph fluctuations…?

Are the fish receiving proper nutrition?

Are you managing tank aggression?
 
So you wont post it I am so surprised Jay Said This? Radical ? What does that mean ? Sledge Hammer refers to you saying install the largest UV you can fit in . Just Post your Findings for all to Enjoy😆
As previously stated, there are no "findings" without a Tank DNA Test.

Observations only
 
I know this forum in particular frowns upon those who disagree with the pillars of the forum, so I have given these and previous comments much thought.

That statement is certainly untrue. No pun intended, disagreement is the life blood of the scientific method and is not frowned upon at all (assuming it is polite and respectful per the TOS).
 
That statement is certainly untrue. No pun intended, disagreement is the life blood of the scientific method and is not frowned upon at all (assuming it is polite and respectful per the TOS).
Allen this has nothing to do with Pillars . I have maintained that certain members have more credentials , maybe without credentials but actual documented experience that have more weight than proposed theories . I am surprised at Randy's statement as he can hardly contain himself with Paul😆. As stated multiple times I as an ignorant member unless I can prove otherwise side with them . Even when it comes to off topic advice , as I have had with Bean Animal regarding all house generators. He pointed out sometimes it comes down to available service . Makes sense to me. I have proposed changes to Paul's designs , got shot down , and have to decide if I am correct or not. That is the beauty of us living in our free world is it not ?
 
You pointed to detritus collecting in low-flow areas, but got it backwards. Detritus proves those spots see less flow than the tank average, or there wouldn't be detritus there. You can't use "eventually it all cycles through" and "flow carried the detritus there and left it" as the same argument, they are opposing.
genuine question: could it not simply be that the flow was not high enough to keep the detritus in suspension, but also not so low as to actually reach zero? this doesn't actually seem like a true case of mutual exclusion to me but maybe I'm just not getting part of your explanation
 
I am surprised at Randy's statement as he can hardly contain himself with Paul😆.

What does that mean?

Do you believe reef2reef frowns on challenging certain people?

I know with certainty I DO NOT frown on standing up for ideas that you believe and standing by it as many times as you want.

That is what I do and what I expect others to do (if they want to).
 
UV is a hotly debated topic online both whether it works and whether it is worth the investment.

In practice, I’ve seen so many successful applications that it goes well beyond anecdotal evidence. Some of the most compelling examples are tanks where the UV was accidentally turned off and ich became visible on fish like powder blues. Once the UV was turned back on, the visible signs rapidly disappeared..

That said, almost all of my experience is with commercial-grade UV sterilizers, such as Pentair units, paired with flow meters to maintain the appropriate flow rate and effectiveness.

I don’t have enough experience with hobby-grade units to comment confidently, but I’d wager that the better ones work well when sized toward the low end of their recommended aquarium range.

The primary difference between a good hobby-grade unit and a commercial-grade unit usually isn’t stronger UV output. Commercial recommendations simply tend to be much more conservative about sizing presumably because commercial customers expect the equipment to work, while hobby customers are often more concerned with cost and whether the unit will physically fit.

Hope that helps
 
As previously stated, there are no "findings" without a Tank DNA Test.

Observations only
I know more than one person who has had that type of testing come up negative on tanks we know full well have low level ich.

Positives have a better chance of being accurate.

Negative just means presence is below detection levels.
 
I know this forum in particular frowns upon those who disagree with the pillars of the forum, so I have given these and previous comments much thought.
You are free to hold any opinion you wish, but what you just said is simply not true. Nobody here is protected from disagreement, me, Randy, the ownership, staff or you. You are free to, and openly encouraged to debate your point as long as you do so within the confines of the TOS.

I will point to two words in your response, "nearly" and "less". If those words could be substituted with ‘zero’, then the logic would hold true.
You pulled "nearly" and "less" out of a sentence that listed rock, varied flow patterns, striations, eddies, and nearly dead zones. The purpose of the whole list was to describe non-uniform flow. You dropped the context, swapped in "zero," to change the meaning.

Fact and the point: Some areas run below the tank average, and that alone breaks the equal probability assumption your n-passes math requires. You used the wrong model to argue. Full stop.

Also: The differential pressure article you quoted and cited is about pressure drop across industrial filter media. Zero crossover to tank mixing and zero relevance to any argument here, and the line you quoted isn't in it. Was that citation AI Search derived?

UV is not a "single dose". One unfortunate Ich theront could pass thru the UV more than any other.
I very clearly laid out that your model assumes a single dose of something that can be traced as mixed into the water, not that UV is a single dose. I also clearly laid out that the target itself, parasite, bacteria, or anything else living in the water, is not a single dose, but a series of "doses" as the population expands.

UV doses accumulating was never the argument. The argument is that the calculator you used to make your case doesn't model any of this. Clearly laid in my original post and here.

Flow moved the detritus to that "dead zone", so flow does indeed exist in that specific area. Correct? If you have low flow zones in your system, maybe address that first, it isn’t good for the inhabitants anyway.
I said flow moved detritus there, so flow exists there. Reduced flow is what a low-flow zone is. You are confirming my point and calling it a rebuttal.

Note: second time you have misstated what was said. I said non-uniform flow, some areas below the tank average. That is what breaks your equal-probability assumption. It does not require zero.

Telling me to fix my low-flow zones doesn't answer the argument or make yours. Every tank with rock in it has flow variance. It's the reason the uniform mixing model doesn't apply, not a defect in plumbing.

Unless you have done something really egregious in the design of your system, there is no doubt that 100% of the water molecules circulate thru every Powerhead and pump.
Randy already corrected this. Even in an ideal model with no obstacles and perfect decay math, the number does not reach 100%.

You then cited a calculator that proves him right. It returns 99.9%, not 100%. It never gets there. That is the stirred tank problem. You agreed with Randy in theory, posted the tool that confirms him, and then wrote that "there is no doubt 100% of the water molecules circulate through every powerhead and pump". That is contradictory on its face.

And if your position is that 98%, 99.9%, and 100% are close enough for practical purposes, that dismantles the absolute claim you just made. Your arguments are running into each other.

Randy's point stands in the ideal case. In a real tank with rock, the ideal model does not apply at all, so 99.x% goes out the window too.

Second, and much more important. Water molecules aren't the argument anyway. Theronts (the example you used) are not water molecules. They swim, they respond to flow and light, they concentrate in some zones and avoid others. Sessile stages are attached to surfaces and don't move at all. None of that is evenly distributed, and I said so already. No simple mathematical regression or decay model can account for this in an ideal aquarium, let alone a real one with fish, disease, substrate, rock, and everything else in the way.

Not everything in the water is guaranteed to go through the pumps. Period.

I don’t believe that monkeys and typewriters can write a symphony, given enough time, but arguing that UV sterilizers are ineffective because there is a spot of detritus, is not reality.

No one’s decision to run UV or not is based on this difference of opinions, which is the OP’s original question.

Great thing about America…do whatever you think is best for you.
My response has nothing to do with UV being effective or not. I am responding to your claims and arguments about flow. That's all.

You brought detritus into this as your own evidence, and I pointed out it works against you.
 
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genuine question: could it not simply be that the flow was not high enough to keep the detritus in suspension, but also not so low as to actually reach zero? this doesn't actually seem like a true case of mutual exclusion to me but maybe I'm just not getting part of your explanation
Yes, that's exactly it, and that is the very point I made. Reduced flow is the whole argument. It does not have to be zero. It can be, or just low enough to not keep the detritus in suspension.

There was no mutual exclusion implied or stated. The contradiction is Allen's, using flow existing somewhere as proof that 100% of the volume circulates through a theoretical filter in n-passes, or ever.
 
I know more than one person who has had that type of testing come up negative on tanks we know full well have low level ich.

Positives have a better chance of being accurate.

Negative just means presence is below detection levels.

I think this is an important point for as often as DNA testing comes up these days and even if it is going away for now. It is also relevant to the argument Allen is making about 100% with regard to mixing.

There is no guarantee a DNA sample contains everything in the water column, let alone everything in the tank. Living organisms, free DNA, dead cells, none of it is evenly distributed. Same reason the mixing model fails.
 
Yes, that's exactly it, and that is the very point I made. Reduced flow is the whole argument. It does not have to be zero. It can be, or just low enough to not keep the detritus in suspension.
so sorry to come back again on this, but repeating yourself doesn't actually provide the clarification I was hoping for. I still don't understand: why does low flow make your argument work? why is it important for 100% of the water to go through the UV in order for the other side's argument to work? stuff in suspension doesn't stay touching the same water molecules at all times so I still genuinely don't understand why this is so important

There was no mutual exclusion implied or stated.
well that's not true at all:
You can't use "eventually it all cycles through" and "flow carried the detritus there and left it" as the same argument, they are opposing.
this is a statement of mutual exclusion: if the arguments are truly opposing and cannot coexist with each other, then the conditions they represent are mutually exclusive. if they are not actually mutually exclusive, then why even mention this?
 
I think this is an important point for as often as DNA testing comes up these days and even if it is going away for now. It is also relevant to the argument Allen is making about 100% with regard to mixing.

There is no guarantee a DNA sample contains everything in the water column, let alone everything in the tank. Living organisms, free DNA, dead cells, none of it is evenly distributed. Same reason the mixing model fails.

IMO our hobby has a bad habit of treating anything that comes from a “lab” and has a report card as absolute fact :)

It’s not that the tests are not valuable, just that the results are not always applied correctly.
 
UV is a hotly debated topic online both whether it works and whether it is worth the investment.

In practice, I’ve seen so many successful applications that it goes well beyond anecdotal evidence. Some of the most compelling examples are tanks where the UV was accidentally turned off and ich became visible on fish like powder blues. Once the UV was turned back on, the visible signs rapidly disappeared..

That said, almost all of my experience is with commercial-grade UV sterilizers, such as Pentair units, paired with flow meters to maintain the appropriate flow rate and effectiveness.

I don’t have enough experience with hobby-grade units to comment confidently, but I’d wager that the better ones work well when sized toward the low end of their recommended aquarium range.

The primary difference between a good hobby-grade unit and a commercial-grade unit usually isn’t stronger UV output. Commercial recommendations simply tend to be much more conservative about sizing presumably because commercial customers expect the equipment to work, while hobby customers are often more concerned with cost and whether the unit will physically fit.

Hope that helps
do you have any publicly available references to any of these applications? not that I don't trust you but I'd like to be able to see for myself and verify what you say is an accurate representation of what occurred


in absence of that do you have any that could demonstrate the opposite? that is, a tank where something went wrong, that could have provably been mitigated or avoided if the aquarist had run UV?

this is something I struggle with on this side of the argument: everyone has stories, they've seen tanks, a friend of a friend runs UV and they beat ich with it, but nobody seems to have an actual direct example of it that others can see and verify, it always seems to come down to "trust me bro, my sister's roommate's cousin's best friend's golf partner totally beat ich with UV" and I'd just like to see something more concrete than that for once, if at all possible

Edit to add: by your own words, what you found to be convincing on this subject was not necessarily anything anyone said to you but what you’ve seen with your own eyes, and I just want the same kind of thing
 
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do you have any publicly available references to any of these applications? not that I don't trust you but I'd like to be able to see for myself and verify what you say is an accurate representation of what occurred


in absence of that do you have any that could demonstrate the opposite? that is, a tank where something went wrong, that could have provably been mitigated or avoided if the aquarist had run UV?

this is something I struggle with on this side of the argument: everyone has stories, they've seen tanks, a friend of a friend runs UV and they beat ich with it, but nobody seems to have an actual direct example of it that others can see and verify, it always seems to come down to "trust me bro, my sister's roommate's cousin's best friend's golf partner totally beat ich with UV" and I'd just like to see something more concrete than that for once, if at all possible

Judging by your comment at the top of this page, it’s clear you’re not finding the answer you’re looking for. The answer is in this thread, but the trick with crowdsourced information is to stop evaluating every comment equally and start evaluating the people behind them. There are a handful of people here who speak your language, share similar goals, and demonstrate meaningful experience or expertise. Those are the people I would listen to.

The truth about reefing is that it is equal parts applied science, pet ownership, and artistic craft. There is plenty of legitimate scientific fact, but the way pet owners and artisans apply those facts varies enormously. That makes real world application and experience nearly as valuable as the science itself.

If you’re still frustrated by the murkiness of the answer, keep a few things in mind:
  1. If indisputable proof strongly supporting either side existed, it would have already been presented in this thread or the 1,000 that came before it.
  2. Even indisputable proof would still be disputed.
To answer the question you asked me directly,
  • I have no scientific expertise in this area, although I have read quite a bit about it over the years. The challenge is that very little peer reviewed science attempts to study the actual application of UV sterilization in a home aquarium so there is little to point to.
  • As the founder of Bulk Reef Supply, I was exposed to many people who were far more talented and experienced than I. The professionals with extensive real-world experience using UV overwhelmingly supported it. These included breeders, aquaculture facilities, quarantine specialists, public aquariums, importers, and others who handle more fish in a day than most of us will handle in a lifetime.
  • As the founder of BRStv, I had firsthand experience with a large number of aquariums spanning nearly two decades. Many were among the most heavily observed and documented reef tanks in the hobby. UV was used on many of them, and disease was not a common theme, even though we never quarantined corals or invertebrates and there was an overwhelming amount of cross-contamination among roughly 50 tanks in the office.

The most compelling example I personally witnessed involved a powder blue tang on one of the main BRStv sets. Elliot spotted visible signs of ich on the fish, and we quickly discovered that the 50-watt Pentair high-output UV had somehow been turned off.

Because it was a light case affecting only one fish, I suggested that we simply turn the UV back on. My theory was that, as long as the fish could survive the parasite’s lifecycle, the UV might reduce the number of free-swimming parasites enough that the visible signs would disappear.

Elliot laughed at me. Powder blue tangs rarely appear to resolve ich without intervention, and the common belief is that UV cannot address an existing visible infection.

Within a couple of weeks of turning the UV back on, however, the visible ich was gone. That fish remained in the tank for years, until the aquarium was eventually taken down to build a new set. It was a compelling experience that could be explained in other ways but we both believed UV was an effective solution and preventative.

I later shared the story with another QT thought leader from a different forum. He told me he had witnessed a similar experience with velvet. Saying that UV could “cure” velvet would be considered blasphemy in most circles. However, it happened all the same, velvet almost never cures itself with out rapid intervention, in this case the success of rapid addition of UV is worth considering as application-based evidence.

This may come off as a long winded way of saying "listen to me" but it's not. My experiences are just one touch point amongst a lot of smart successful reefers in this thread. None of them are lying or wrong, we just have different approaches to pet ownership, and artistic craft called reefing :)
 
Judging by your comment at the top of this page, it’s clear you’re not finding the answer you’re looking for. The answer is in this thread, but the trick with crowdsourced information is to stop evaluating every comment equally and start evaluating the people behind them. There are a handful of people here who speak your language, share similar goals, and demonstrate meaningful experience or expertise. Those are the people I would listen to.

The truth about reefing is that it is equal parts applied science, pet ownership, and artistic craft. There is plenty of legitimate scientific fact, but the way pet owners and artisans apply those facts varies enormously. That makes real world application and experience nearly as valuable as the science itself.

If you’re still frustrated by the murkiness of the answer, keep a few things in mind:
  1. If indisputable proof strongly supporting either side existed, it would have already been presented in this thread or the 1,000 that came before it.
  2. Even indisputable proof would still be disputed.
To answer the question you asked me directly,
  • I have no scientific expertise in this area, although I have read quite a bit about it over the years. The challenge is that very little peer reviewed science attempts to study the actual application of UV sterilization in a home aquarium so there is little to point to.
  • As the founder of Bulk Reef Supply, I was exposed to many people who were far more talented and experienced than I. The professionals with extensive real-world experience using UV overwhelmingly supported it. These included breeders, aquaculture facilities, quarantine specialists, public aquariums, importers, and others who handle more fish in a day than most of us will handle in a lifetime.
  • As the founder of BRStv, I had firsthand experience with a large number of aquariums spanning nearly two decades. Many were among the most heavily observed and documented reef tanks in the hobby. UV was used on many of them, and disease was not a common theme, even though we never quarantined corals or invertebrates and there was an overwhelming amount of cross-contamination among roughly 50 tanks in the office.

The most compelling example I personally witnessed involved a powder blue tang on one of the main BRStv sets. Elliot spotted visible signs of ich on the fish, and we quickly discovered that the 50-watt Pentair high-output UV had somehow been turned off.

Because it was a light case affecting only one fish, I suggested that we simply turn the UV back on. My theory was that, as long as the fish could survive the parasite’s lifecycle, the UV might reduce the number of free-swimming parasites enough that the visible signs would disappear.

Elliot laughed at me. Powder blue tangs rarely appear to resolve ich without intervention, and the common belief is that UV cannot address an existing visible infection.

Within a couple of weeks of turning the UV back on, however, the visible ich was gone. That fish remained in the tank for years, until the aquarium was eventually taken down to build a new set. It was a compelling experience that could be explained in other ways but we both believed UV was an effective solution and preventative.

I later shared the story with another QT thought leader from a different forum. He told me he had witnessed a similar experience with velvet. Saying that UV could “cure” velvet would be considered blasphemy in most circles. However, it happened all the same, velvet almost never cures itself with out rapid intervention, in this case the success of rapid addition of UV is worth considering as application-based evidence.

This may come off as a long winded way of saying "listen to me" but it's not. My experiences are just one touch point amongst a lot of smart successful reefers in this thread. None of them are lying or wrong, we just have different approaches to pet ownership, and artistic craft called reefing :)
Thank you for taking the time to put together this detailed response. A big part of my frustration actually is that I see opposing opinions from people I do respect and especially as things get heated it can still be difficult to tell who is really right because not everything said makes sense to me, often in ways where I can’t tell if it’s wrong or just worded in a way that isn’t clicking for me

Anyway you may find it surprising to hear this but I actually find that expanded story compelling because it reveals that actually this was a first-hand experience and even if it wasn’t part of some kind of scientific experiment that is still a lot more likely to be reliable. I assume that means you guys took no additional measures to address the ich on that fish? Do you have any idea how a UV filter would offer such relief to that fish? I’m inclined to believe you, even if you can’t explain these things, because the proof in the pudding is in the eating, I’m just trying to absorb as much information as I can

E: i read the BRS article about the lifecycle of ich and I think that made the mechanism for UV helping there make sense to me. Thanks again this is very helpful
 
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