If you do not live in on of the mega city´s of the world - outside air can be a alternative - but in cities - maybe not a good idea - either no good idea if your home is located near commercial growing fields of the "
dirty dozen".
But I think that I just read a game changer about which parameter is most important according to calcification in at least some stony corals
@ksed tip me about a study publicized in 2014 that - IMO - can be a game changer how we treat our tanks in order to get a high calcification rate. It can also give some explanations why over sized skimmers and aquarium with a very low organic load can give high calcification rates.
It can also explain why my tank seems to go very good even if I dose all my alkalinity during night.
It can also explain some good experiences with oxydators and/or light reversed refugium.
It can also explain why some things we do in order to get a high pH (read low CO
2)
It also strengthen my believe that the method using recirculated skimmer air (through a carbon scrubber) is a real cerebral hemorrhage - it will give a high pH but no exchange of other gases like O
2 canf NH
3 .
In their experiment - they did not see any differences between light and dark calcification if some parameters was right.
To really understand this - we must understand that O
2 and CO
2 is two different sides of the same coin according to biological life and aeration in a reef aquarium. And it is only the amount of CO
2 that affect the pH - not the amount of O
2.
During night time - nearly all life in the aquarium use 0
2 and produce CO
2. - this will give a lower O
2 and a higher CO
2 pressure in the water. The O2 level will be below equilibrium of air/water and the CO2 will be higher than the equilibrium. Heavy aeration (by a skimmer, gas exchanges tower or other types of aeration of water) will rise the O
2 level and lower the CO
2 level (hence rise the pH). During the photo period all animals still consume O
2 and leave CO
2 as a waste but all primary producers (algae, some sponges and the zooxanthellae in some animals) will use CO
2 and produce O
2 with help of light. when consumption of CO
2 is higher than the production of CO
2 - pH rise and so do O
2. Heavy aeration by a skimmer, gas exchanges tower or other types of aeration of water will rise the CO
2 (hence stabilize the pH) and decrease the O
2.
With this in my head this quote from the article rise new ideas and thinking
The article
Sincerely Lasse